The Mediterranean has witnessed the circulation of ideas, people, and goods between Northern Africa and Southern Europe across the centuries. Both during times of conflict and cooperation, colonization, religious expansion, and human migrations have shaped the lives of individuals and the history of cultures. Current migrations and conditions associated with globalization date back centuries – Italy once a sending country has now increasingly become a receiving country. The 2nd Mediterranean Mosaic will focus on migrations to and from Italy, with an emphasis on recent (im)migrations to Italy from Africa. It will explore the multiple and interacting identities embodied by individuals, communities, regions, and the nation-state. We will examine the creation of transnational communities, ethnic and religious tensions and cooperation, philosophical orientations to diversity, and social policy at the national and EU level.